How is Sjögren's Disease diagnosed?

Diagnosing Sjögren's Disease is challenging as there is no definitive medical test. Current diagnostic methods primarily focus on evaluating the impact of an autoimmune process on tear and salivary gland function. Assessment may reveal inadequate tear film, diminished saliva production, salivary gland inflammation, and the presence of specific proteins in the blood that indicate an underlying autoimmune process. The following tests are commonly employed when evaluating patients suspected of having Sjögren's Disease:

• Blood tests: SS-A (Ro) and SS-B (La) antibodies, anti-nuclear antibodies, rheumatoid factor, complement

• Eye tests: Schirmer's test, ocular surface staining

• Salivary gland tests: Minor salivary gland (lip) biopsy, sialometry, ultrasound of salivary glands

It is important to note that this is not meant to be a comprehensive list of tests, and additional tests may be recommended by your doctor based on your symptoms. Furthermore, a normal result in any of these tests does not rule out the possibility of Sjögren's Disease.

Undoubtedly, Sjögren's Disease stands as one of the most challenging diagnoses in rheumatology. It is crucial to emphasize that achieving an accurate diagnosis holds significant importance for patients.