How is Sjögren’s dry eye measured?

In order to measure dry eye in individuals with Sjögren's Disease, a test called Schirmer's test is commonly used. This test assesses the tear production of the eyes to determine if they are adequately moist. During the test, calibrated strips of non-toxic filter paper are placed within the lower eyelids of both eyes. The individual is then asked to gently close their eyes for 5 minutes. After the test, the amount of wetting of the paper strips is measured. A wetting measurement of less than 5 mm suggests deficient tear production, but it does not necessarily confirm a diagnosis of Sjögren's Disease.

Another measurement of dry eyes involves using non-toxic stains, such as lissamine green and fluorescein, applied to the ocular surface using eye drops. These stains help evaluate the tear film and identify areas of damage on the ocular surface. It's important to note that the staining process with lissamine green and fluorescein may cause mild irritation, and individuals may temporarily have a green stain on the surface of their eyes for several hours. The results of the Schirmer's test and ocular surface examination need to be correlated with other findings for a specific evaluation of Sjögren's Disease.