Can Sjögren's Disease affect my central nervous system, and how does it relate to Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica?

Sjögren's Disease can indeed affect your central nervous system. One way it can manifest is through a condition called "myelitis," characterized by inflammation of the spinal cord. Myelitis may induce symptoms like weakness, numbness, or difficulty with bowel and bladder control. The onset of these symptoms can be quick or evolve more gradually over weeks or months.

Distinguishing between Sjögren's Disease and Multiple Sclerosis (MS) can be challenging. However, accurate identification is essential as the treatment plans for MS and Sjögren's Disease are distinctly different. This distinction can be clarified using specific tests such as spinal taps and MRIs of the brain/spinal cord.

Additionally, Sjögren's Disease can coexist with another autoimmune disorder known as Neuromyelitis Optica. Neuromyelitis Optica triggers inflammation of the nerves connecting the eye to the brain (optic neuritis) and the spinal cord (myelitis). Its progression and effects differ from MS, often leading to more severe myelitis and potential future relapses. Antibody testing for Neuromyelitis Optica can be useful. Like MS, Neuromyelitis Optica typically necessitates a specific treatment approach.

Therefore, if you have Sjögren’s Disease and are also diagnosed with MS, it's crucial to undergo further evaluations before proceeding with typical MS treatment. It's important that your neurologist and rheumatologist work closely together to guide your treatment plan effectively.